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【每週成語】
洞見癥結

楊愛民

成語:洞見癥結(ZHENG JIAN ZHENG JIE): to see clearly the hidden cause of a problem or a disease; to see thoroughly the crux of a problem or a thing; to get to the heart of a trouble or a matter; to find out the original cause of a disease; to recognize the true cause of a problem or a disease.
出處:晉書,杜錫傳。
釋義:故事是後人編造的,但是,扁鵲是名醫,他的名聲除了靠他勤學苦練外,最重要的是靠他長期治病經驗和觀察入微,診斷準確所致。
故事:“洞”在此的意思是看得透徹清楚;“癥結”的意思是病症的所在。“洞見癥結”本來是指行醫的人能明辨病症的所在及病變的過程,是醫生治病用的專用名詞。後來人們擴大使用範圍,已經使用到所有的一切事情上了。例如一個人對事物觀察入微,便可用“洞見癥結”。又如一個工匠替人修理一個機器時,先經過一番仔細地觀察,便能摸清毛病的所在。又如一個外科醫生替人開刀治病,先要了解病人症狀,斷定病癥所在,才能開始動手術。這便是“洞見癥結”。
這句話原出於史記扁鵲傳。相傳春秋時代,有位名醫叫長桑君,與扁鵲,姓秦,越人,相交十餘年。扁鵲對他十分公謹。所以長桑君將其秘密藥方傳給了扁鵲。還囑咐他一句話,說,“能收集尚未落地的雨水作藥引子,和主藥調配後服用,每日一劑,連服一個月,你便有能力為人治病了。”扁鵲按照長桑君的指示,一連服藥30天。果然奇蹟出現,扁鵲竟然能夠隔牆見人。同時為人治病時,能夠看到內臟的病癥所在。
用法:張三的手錶懷了,拿到表店修理,店主一看,就“洞見癥結”,說道,“沒電池了,需要換電池,16元。”真是,行家一出手,就知有沒有。
故事英譯:“Hole” here means the spot or a cause of a disease; “the syndrome” means the spot of a disease. The idiom “to see clearly the cause of a problem” originally indicated that the medicine-men could discriminate the section, the cause, and the process of a disease; it’s a special medical term. Afterward, people extended its usage widely to other fields. For example, if you want to praise somebody who is observant to something, may use this idiom, even he can understand the most obscure tiny bits of something; when a craftsman repairs a machine, he has first to look for closely the machine, then, found the spot at which the problem is created or a surgeon observes a patient, has to do many necessary tests for the patient, then, advances the fittest operation, and finally gets the best result, one may say that the craftsman or the doctor is able to see clearly the cause or the origin of the problem or the disease.
This idiom comes from section of Bian Que of the book of the Records of History. It was said that there was a well-known medicine man named Chang Sang Jun, had made friends with Bian Que for more than a decade, and Bian Que respected Chang very much, so Chang Sang Jun transferred his secret prescriptions to Bian Que. Chang Sang Jun also taught Bian Que an instruction about the medicine usage, he said, “go to collect the rain water which hasn’t dropped down the ground to be the drug-arouser to dispense the main drug and take a dose daily for consecutively one month, then, you’ll be qualified medicine-man for treating others. ”Bian Que following the instruction of Chang Sang Jun and took the medicine a dose daily for consecutively 30 days, truly miracle appeared that he could see a man through a wall, and after a period of studying medical knowledge, he could see the spot of a disease of the patient when he made a diagnosis and treatment for him.



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